| 早在商周时期，人们就开始制造铜雕，以黄铜或青铜等铜料为胚，运用雕刻、浇铸等手法进行制作。中国古代铜雕制作方法 古人制作铜雕的方法主要是范铸法与失蜡法，绝大部分是采用范式铸造方法制作。范铸法的工艺流程：第一塑模，用泥土塑造出铜雕的基本形状。在制好的泥模上画出铜雕纹饰的轮廓，凹陷部分直接从泥模上刻出，凸起部分则另外制好后贴在泥模表面，为翻范，用事先调和均匀的细质泥土紧紧按贴在泥模表面，拍打后使泥模的外形和纹饰反印在泥片上；合范，将翻好的泥片划成数块，取下后烧成陶质，这样的范坚硬不易变形，称为陶范。将陶范拼合形成器物外腔，称为外范。外范制成后，将翻范用的泥模均匀削去一薄层，制成器物的内表面，称为内范，铜雕的铭文就刻在内范上。将内外范合成一体，内外范之间削出的空隙即为铜液留存的地方，两者的间距就是铜雕的厚度；浇注，将铜液注入陶范。待铜液凝固后，将内外陶范打碎，取出所铸铜雕。一套陶范只能铸造一件铜雕，因此不可能存在两件一模一样的铜雕；打磨和整修；刚铸好的铜雕，表面粗糙，纹饰也不清晰，需要经过打磨整修，才能成为一件精致的铜雕。
As early as the shang and zhou dynasties, people began to make bronze sculptures, which were made of brass or bronze, such as bronze, and used sculpture, casting and other techniques. Ancient bronze carving methods in ancient China were mainly made by casting method and lost wax method. The process flow of the casting method: the first mold, the basic shape of the bronze sculpture made out of clay. On making good clay draw the outline of the tripod for grain, concave part carved directly from the mud mold, raised portion is another stick in the mud after making good mould surface, for van, press with prior to reconcile uniform fine quality, and the soil tightly stick in the mud mold surface, after flap of the clay mould, shape and decorative anti-indian on clay tablets; To make a large amount of mud, the clay tablets will be divided into a number of pieces. After taking it, the clay will be burned into a ceramic. Such a fan will not be difficult to deform, which is called tao fan. To combine the tao fan into the outer cavity of a utensil. After the outside fan is made, the mud mould of the fan is cut into a thin layer and the inner surface of the object is made. The inscription on the bronze sculpture is engraved on the fan. The gap between the inside and outside is the place where the copper liquid remains. The spacing is the thickness of the bronze carving. Pour copper liquid into tao fan. When the copper liquid is solidified, the inside and outside are broken, and the cast bronze carving is taken out. A set of tao fan can only cast one piece of bronze, so there can be no two identical pieces of bronze; Polishing and refurbishing; Freshly cast bronze sculpture, the surface is rough, the decoration is not clear, needs to be polished and renovated, can become a delicate bronze sculpture. |